African nuclear weapons free zone treaty anwfz treaty of pelindaba office in south africa. Each party shall submit an annual report to the commission on its nuclear activities as well as other matters relating to the treaty, in accordance with the format for. African countries pledged to signon to a nuclear free zone in 1996, but the treaty of pelindaba has yet to enter into force because a number of states have not ratified it. The african nuclear weapon free zone treaty, also known as the treaty of pelindaba named after south africas main nuclear research centre, run by the south african nuclear energy corporation and was the location where south africas atomic bombs of the 1970s were developed, constructed and subsequently stored, establishes a nuclearweaponfree zone in. The treaty of pelindaba was opened for signature on april 11, 1996, when 47 of the regions 53 states signed. African nuclearweaponfree zone treaty treaty of pelindaba.
The pelindaba treaty named after south africas main nuclear research centre, run by the south african nuclear energy corporation and was the location where south africas atomic bombs of the 1970s were developed, constructed and subsequently stored, establishes a nuclearweaponfree zone in africa. Pelindaba treaty african commission on nuclear energy. The treaty of pelindaba on the african nuclearweaponfree zone oluyemi adeniji united nations geneva 2002. African nuclearweaponfree zone treaty pelindaba treaty, 1995. This, in brief, is granted by negative security assurances which are granted by the nuclearweapon states.
African nuclear weaponfreezone treaty pelindaba treaty iaea. African nuclear weaponfree zone treaty pelindaba treaty the parties to this treaty guided by the declaration on the denuclearization of africa, adopted by the assembly of heads of state and government of the organization of. The russian federation signed protocols i and ii on 5 november 1996. The relevant protocols to the pelindaba treaty have been signed by all the nuclearweaponstates, and the treaty will enter into force upon the date of the deposit of the twentyeighth instrument of ratification. Madagascar and seychelles abstained, and somalia and liberia were not in attendance because of internal unrest. Jul 12, 2019 the pelindaba treaty shares some features with the comprehensive nucleartestban treaty ctbt, which is a treaty that aims to ban explosions anywhere in the world, and by anyone. Regional initiatives toward a nuclear weapons free world. Timeline of relevant dates pelindaba treaty dd 5 261008 12. The african nuclearweaponsfree zone treaty, also known as the treaty of pelindaba, was signed by 47 of the continents 53 states, and prohibits states from conducting research on, developing, manufacturing, stockpiling, acquiring, possessing, or having control over any nuclear explosive device by any means anywhere. Pursuant to this treaty, each party undertakes not to conduct research on, develop, manufacture, stockpile or otherwise acquire, possess or have control over any nuclear explosive device by any means anywhere.
At the first meeting of the contracting parties to the pelindaba treaty under the auspices of the african union, at addis ababa in november 2010, mauritius was elected as one of. This treaty shall be open for signature by any state in the african nuclearweaponfree zone. In a strongly worded statement the african unions peace and security. Jul 15, 2009 15 july 2009 pelindaba treaty 15 july 2009 marked the entry into force of the treaty of pelindaba, making africa a nuclearweaponfree zone. The anwfz treaty the pelindaba treaty was opened for signature in cairo, egypt, on 11 april 1996, and entered into force on 15 july 2009. This is the approach taken by the central asian nuclearweaponfreezone treaty. African nuclearweaponfree zone treaty pelindaba treaty. The headquarters of the african commission on nuclear energy afcone, as envisaged by the treaty, is to be situated in south africa once the treaty enters into force. Treaty treaty of pelindaba, it is clear that african states are invested in the. Key issues in negotiations for a nuclear weapons prohibition. Summary of african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty of pelindaba dates of signature, ratification and deposit as of february 17, 1998. The reasons for this slow progress are many and varied, but perhaps the principal problems is the apparent lack of priority placed upon the treaty by african governments when confronted by the civil wars and other challenges of the postcold war world.
Guided by the declaration on the denuclearization of africa, adopted by the assembly of heads of state andgovernment of the organization of african unity hereinafter referred to as oau at its first ordinary session, held at cairo from 17 to 21 july 1964 ahgres. Some resources listed andor hyperlinked on this page may be from individuals. Article 18 signature, ratification and entry into force. The commission of the african union succeeded the secretarygeneral of the oau. International treaty on plant genetic resources for food. The protocols were signed at the same time by the nuclearweapon states nws except for russia, which sought clarification on the status of the indian ocean island of diego garcia. An african contribution to the nuclear weapons debate. African nuclear weaponfree zone treaty pelindaba treaty the parties to this treaty guided by the declaration on the denuclearization of africa, adopted by the assembly of heads of state and government of the organization of african unity hereinafter referred to as oau. African countries pledged to signon to a nuclear free zone in 1996, but the treaty of pelindaba has yet to enter into force because a. At the first meeting of the contracting parties to the pelindaba treaty under the auspices of the african union, at addis ababa in november 2010, mauritius was elected as one of the 12 afcone. Africa is thproud to be celebrating this year the 10 anniversary of the entry into force of the treaty. Virtually the entire southern hemisphere is now an area free of nuclear weapons. The importance of nuclear weapons free zones 81 are neglected by the npt the stationing of nuclear weapons.
The treaty of pelindaba is an african success story even if it has taken 31 years to give birth to it. The treaty of pelindaba on the african nuclearweaponfree zone. Protocols i, ii and iii of the treaty of pelindaba were also signed the same day, 11 april, 1996, by france, while the united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland, china, and the united states of america signed only protocols i and ii. African nuclear weapons free zone treaty anwfz treaty. The african efforts to conclude that treaty was possible after the political changes in south africa which ended the apartheid regime and led to the accession of south africa to the npt in 1991 11. However, nwfzs are also meant to guarantee that state parties will not be targeted by existing nuclearweapon states. Olunyeni adeniji, former nigerian foreign minister and chief draftsman of the pelindaba treaty, wrote an authoritative commentary on the negotiation process of the treaty.
The language of nuclear weapons free zone in the middle east. Adeniji o, the treaty of pelindaba on the africannuclearweapons freezone, united nations institute for disarmament research, unidir200216, 2002. Africas contribution to putting an end to nuclear explosions page 3 a nuclearweaponfree world. The anwfz treaty the treaty of pelindaba was signed in cairo on 11 april 1996 by 47 of the continents 53 states. Since the middle of the twentieth century, nwfzs have spread across half the worlds territory, from latin america to the pacific, and. This commitment was reaffirmed by the african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty pelindaba treaty when it opened for signature in 1996 see african nuclearweaponfree zone on page 4 for more information. It is also known as african nuclear weapons free zone treaty.
For treaties where the secretarygeneral of the united nations is not the depository, the records in this database rely on information provided to the united nations by the depository states of those treaties. Jan 10, 2000 african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty treaty of pelindaba the general assembly, recalling its resolution 5078 of 12 december 1995 and all its other relevant resolutions, as well as those of. The treaty of pelindaba also has yet to come into force. This treaty has been signed by 52 african member states and ratified by 41. The african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty pelindaba treaty. African nuclearweaponfree zone treaty treaty of pelindaba 1996 multilateral agreement signed by 49 of the 53 members of the organization of african unity. African nuclear weaponfreezone treaty pelindaba treaty guided also, by the resolutions of the fiftyfourth and fiftysixth ordinary sessions of the council of ministers of oau, held at abuja from 27 may to 1 june 1991 and at dakar from 22 to 28 june 1992 respectively, cmres.
African nuclear weaponfreezone treaty pelindaba treaty. The pelindaba treaty shares some features with the comprehensive nucleartestban treaty ctbt, which is a treaty that aims to ban explosions anywhere in the world, and by anyone. Agenda 2063 is the blueprint and master plan for transforming africa into the global powerhouse of the future. Bangkok, africa treaty of pelindaba, and central asia treaty of. The african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty, also known as the pelindaba treaty, was signed in cairo on 11 april 1996 and entered into force on 15 july 2009. Treaty of pelindaba and the treaty on a nuclearweaponfree zone in central asia. African nuclear weapon free zone treaty treaty of pelindaba. Protocol iii the parties to this protocol convinced of the need to take all steps in achieving the ultimate goal of a world entirely free of nuclear weapons as well as the obligations of all states to contribute to this end, convinced also that the african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty, negotiated and signed in accordance with the declaration. Africas contribution to putting an end to nuclear explosions.
The subsequent nwfz treaties of pelindaba and semipalatinsk also. The african nuclear weapon free zone treaty, also known as the treaty of pelindaba named after south africas main nuclear research centre, run by the south african nuclear energy corporation and was the location where south africas atomic bombs of the 1970s were developed, constructed and subsequently stored, establishes a nuclearweaponfree. Nuclearweaponfreezone treaty pelindaba treaty was an idea which. The draft treaty is submitted to the 31st ordinary session of the assembly of heads of state and government and is adopted. Congratulating africa on the 10th anniversary of the. The parties to this treaty, lear attacks on their territories, guided by the declaration on the denuclearization. It is the worlds most recent and largest such in terms of countries 53 and size over 30 million km. More than 10 years after its adoption, two more ratifications are needed to bring the treaty into force. The npt nuclear weapons states and nuclear weapons free zones 71. Pdf icon the african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty pelindaba treaty. This file is licensed under the creative commons attributionshare alike 2. African nuclearweaponfree zone treaty pelindaba treaty signed at cairo.
Pledges not to conduct research on, develop, test, or stockpile nuclear explosive devices. In light of africaspastexperiences,itslackof direct economic and political stakes in preserving the status quo and its vulnerability as a continent. The treaty establishes an african commission on nuclear energy. The treaty of pelindaba on the african nuclearweaponfree. Pdf icon the african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty pelindaba treaty en. The npt prohibits transfer to, acceptance of, as well as the manufacture of any nuclear weapons or other military. African nuclearweaponfree zone treaty treaty of pelindaba the general assembly, recalling its resolution 5078 of 12 december 1995 and all its other relevant resolutions, as well as those of. Asil insight august 28, 2009 volume, issue 12 a little. Treaty treaty of pelindaba, it is clear that african states are invested in the nuclear disarmament debate. For treaties where the secretarygeneral of the united nations is not the depository. The african nuclear weapon free zone treaty, also known as the treaty of pelindaba named after south africas main nuclear research centre, run by the south african nuclear energy corporation and was the location where south africas atomic bombs of the 1970s were developed, constructed and subsequently stored, establishes a nuclearweapon. A littlenoticed recent development in multilateral treaty law may have potentially explosive consequences for u.
Region african union subject sub subject type others reference number place of adoption addis ababa, ethiopia date of adoption july, 1995 date of ratificationadoption november 15th 2000 date of entry into force july 15th 2009 treaty status signature date april 11th 1996. The treaty opened for signature in 1996 but less than half of the african states that signed the treaty ratified it, and two more ratifying states are needed for its entry into force. It is the strategic framework for delivering on africas goal for inclusive and sustainable development and is a concrete manifestation of the panafrican drive for unity, selfdetermination, freedom, progress and collective prosperity pursued under panafricanism and african. Inspite of its good intention and wide scope, as of 31 december 1999, only eleven african countries algeria, botswana, burkina faso. It is the strategic framework for delivering on africas goal for inclusive and sustainable development and is a concrete manifestation of the panafrican drive for unity, selfdetermination, freedom, progress and collective prosperity pursued under pan. The african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty pelindaba. African nuclearweaponfreezone anwfz treaty pelindaba.
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